Improvement in brick-machines



s sneetsQsheei 1.

Z. VANIER. Brick-Machine.

No. 197,576. Patened Nov. 27,1877.

INVENTOR 3 sheets-sheen 3.

2. IVANIER. 'Brick-Machine..

Patented Nov. 27, |877.

INVENTpR:

BY i ATTORNEY 8.

N, PETERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ZnPnInfN vAmnn, or wnSTBonoUeH, MASsAcHUsETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 197,576, dated November 27, 1877 '5^ application filed September 1, 1877.

To 'all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ZPHIRIN VANIER, of Westborough, county of Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Brick-Machine, of which the follow ing is a specification:

lReferring' to the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation in' -section on linea@ x in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end` elevation in section on line y y in Fig. V1. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a portion of the discharging-lever and wheel for operating the same. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the revolving table that carries the brickmolds, and the iilling, operating, and locking devices for the same. Fig. 6 is a detail planview of the mechanism for giving motion to the table. Fig. 7 is a detail view of thecams for moving the table and for throwing the toggles into gear.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine for rapidlyT manufacturing bricks from dry clay by means of heavy pressure created by mechanism hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, A is a table secured to the shaft B, and having formed in it several pairs of brick-molds, a. The shaft B is journaled at its upper end in a spider, C, that is secured to the frame D, which supports all of the parts of the machine. end of the shaft is journaled in a step, b, in

the lower part of the frame.

' E is the main shaftof the machine, which is supported by pillow-blocks secured to the upper portion `of the frame D, and upon one end of which there isla heavy ily-wheel, F.

G G are heavy working beams, placed one above and one below the shaft E and table A, and journaled in standards H, secured to the bed of the machine.

The shafts c of these working beams roll on a flat surface in the ends of the'standard, and

The lower edged ribs fe', against which the outer ends of the blocks f rest. y

The adjacent portions of the beams G G' are semicircular, 'and from one of them a tooth, j, projects, which is received by a mortise in the other. Upon the under surface'of the beam G, and upon the uppersurface of the beam G', near their ends, convex surfaces 7c are formed. l

Above the table A a guide, I, is supported by the spider C, and contains a follower, J, having 011 its un der surface two projections, l, that fit the molds c in the table. Upon the upper end of the follower there is a convex projection, m, between which and theprojeetion k on the beam G 'there is a block, n.

There is a transverse hole, o, in the beam G, above the projection k, in which a half-round bar, p, is placed. Springs-rods-ql are screwed into the follower J, one at each sidepof the block n, and extend upward through the projecting ends of the bar p, and are provided with nuts for drawing the follower, the block,

and the beam together.

Below the table A a lguide,-1, is formed in a cross-bar which forms a part of the frame D.

In this guide there is a follower, J', which is` similar in all respects to the follower J in the guide I, and is connected with the beam G in vthe same manner as the follower J is connected with the beam G.

To therear end ofthebeam G an arm, L, which forms a part of the toggle by which the beams G G are operated, is connected 'by straps 1, and to the rear end -of the beam G the arm L is connected by straps r1. The arm L is placed above the shaft E, and has a wide bearing.- surface, s, and a lip, t, for engaging a widefaced cam-lug, u, that projects from the shaft E. The bearing-surface of the lower arm L" is narrower than that of the upper arm and the cam-lug u1 on the shaft E, with which it engages, is also narrower than the cam-lug u.

These cam-lugs are arranged diametrically opposite on-the shaft, and engagey the two partsV of the toggle simultaneously; but the cam-lug u, being widest, continues to act after thelug a1 has ceased to act. The lobject of this wili be described in connection with the operation of the machine.

The arms L L of the toggle are connected by means of links o @l with levers w, having equal arms, and secured to arocking shaft, a, which is journaled in standards secured to the rear of the frame D.

To the shaft al an arm, b, is secured, which is connected by a link with a lever, c1, pivoted to the side of the frame D,and carrying aroller, d1, which is engaged by a cam, M, on the shaft N.

The shaft N is journaled in boxes attached to the upper portion of the frame D, and to it is secured a spur-wheel, O, that takes its motion from a pinion, P, on the main shaft E.

Q is a lever that is pivoted to an arm, el, attached to the rear end of the frame D, and is connected with a follower, f 1, movin g on guides formed in the spider G, and having formed on it two projections, g1, which iitthe molds a in the table A. There is a cam-opening, h1, in the Alever Q, which surrounds a disk, R, on the shaft N, which disk carries two rollers, il, in its periphery that engage the cam h.

S is a table, supported by the vertically-sliding bar T, and having at its inner end a roller, j', and at its outer end a drum, 7c', for carryin g the endless apron l over the table. The apron receives an intermittent motion by a belt, on', that runs over a pulley, n', secured to the shaft of the drinn k', and around a wheel, U, placed on the shaft B. The table S is carried upward to receive thebricks from the molds, and afterward gently lowered by acamlever, o', which is pivoted to the frame D, and connected .with the sliding bar T. This camlever is engaged by a pin or roller, p', project- -ing from the back of the cam M.

Upon the shaftB, under the table A, aratchetwheel, q', is secured,that is surrounded by a drum, frz, containing a spring-pawl, s2, that engages the ratchet.

On the periphery of the drum there is a toothed segment, t2, which is engaged by a rack, u2, on the bar 2:2, which slides in ways formed in the frame D. The bar t2 carries a roller, w2,that is engaged by a cam,A, formed i in the side of the wheel B', placed'on the shaft N. A lug, a2, projects from the side of the bar o2, for operating the locking-bolt b2, which slides in guides attached to the follower-guide I, and engages holes c2 in the table A. The lower end of the bolt is bent, forming a cam, which is engaged by the lug a? at every movement of theA bar o2.

Above the table A, at one side of the followerguide I, there is a cylinder, C', in which a vertical shaft, d?, is journaled. On the bottom of `this cylinder there are two openings corresponding with a pair oft he molds a in the table A, and above the bottom several screwblades,"e2, ,are attached to the shaft d2. The upper endt of the shaft d2 is provided with a pulley, f2, which is driven by a round belt or chain, g2, which runs in a groove in the wheelB.

The direction of the belt is changed by two pulleys journaled in boxes supported by the standard 7b2, that lsupports the upper end of the shaft d2. 1 A fork, 2,2 projects from the periphery of the wheel B', and serves to tighten the belt or chain g2 through a portion of the revolution of the wheel B.

The operation of my improved machine is as follows: Damp clay, such as is usually employed in making bricks, is put in a suitable hopper and supplied to the cylinder C', whence it passes to the molds a, being agitated and wedged downward by the blades e2, which are made to rotate, while the table A is at rest, by the belt or chain g2, which is tightened,

'during the time occupied in iilling the molds,

A plate, 3, under the table A by the fork i2. prevents the clay from dropping through the molds.

While one pair of molds is being filled another, containing clay, is being pressedbetween the followers J J by the straightening of the.

J to move the brick downward in the mold after it is pressed, thus loosening it and rendering it easier for the discharging 1nechan ism to force the brick out of the mold.

After the bricks are pressed they aremoved forward by the rotation of the table A, and discharged from the mold by the follower f l, the table S having previously risen to receive them. This table' descends simultaneously with the follower, and when the table A makes another forward movement the endless apron Z is. rotated sufficiently to carry the bricks outside ofthe frame-work of the machine, when they may be removed. When the lever Q is raised by the rollers l in the periphery of the disk R, it strikes a pin, s3, that projects from the beam G, and raises the forward end of the said beam. The beam G', by virtue of its connection with the beam G, is also moved away from the molds. The pressure is secured `by the straightening of the toggle-arms L L',by the action of the cams u u.

In the present case the cams act at every i three revolutions, and movingthem so that they are caught by the cams at the fourth revolution by means of the connection of arms with the lever c1, which is moved at the proper instant by the cam M.

The motion of the fly-Wheel F is accelerated during the three revolutions in which no work is done, and, as it is of large diameter and great weight, its momentum is suicient to exert the required pressure. There is no lateral strain upon the shaft E, as it simply revolves between the arms L L', and the press- .ure exerted by the cams 'is alike above and,

below the shaft.

All of the bearings where any considerable Strain is exerted are constructed with rolling surfaces, so that the friction of the machine is reduced to a minimum.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The iiy-wheel F, shaft E, cams u u', and toggle-arms L L', in combination with mechanism for throwing the toggle-arms into engagement with the cams at intervals, as shown and described.

2. The combination of the narrow togglearm L', narrow-faced cam al, the Wide-faced cam u, toggle-arm L, having the lip t, the beams G G', and followers J J', for pressing the clay in the molds and loosening` it therefrom, substantially as shown and described.

3. The cam M, lever c', arm b, lever w, and connectingrods t v1, in combination with the toggle-arms L L' for throwing them into engagement with the cams u a', substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, in a brick-machine, of the rocking beams G G' and the vertically-l reciprocating followers J J', arranged and operating, as=herein described, with the intermittingly-rotating table A, having pairs of molds a, as and for the purpose specified. A

5. The combination of the cam B', sliding bari?, carrying the roller w", and rack u2, the drum r2, ratchet g', spring-pawl s2, and table A, substantially' as shown and described.

6. The belt b2, table A, and the sliding bar v2, having the lug a2, in combination, substantially as herein shown and described.

,7. The combination of the plate i? with the table A, substantially as shown and described.

8. The pin s2, projecting from the beam G,

' and the lever Q, in combination, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described. 9. The table S, carrying the roller j, drum If", and endless belt i', the wheel U, and pulley n', in combination, substantially as shown and described.

10. The wheel M, having'the roller p', and

cam-lever o', in combination with the table S, for giving the table an intermittent vertical motion, substantially as shown and described.

11. The convex projections k, formed on the beams G G', for receiving the blocks n and toggle-arms L L', substantially as shown and described.

12. The springs d, in combination with the shafts c of the beams G G', substantially as shown and described.

13. Theblocl's f, L-shaped supports h,'hav ing angular bearings i', and the shaft c, h aving the rounded projections e, and rolling on a iiat surface, as described, in combination, substantially as shown.

ZPHIRIN VANIER. 

